{"id":3282,"date":"2013-01-10T15:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-01-10T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2013-01-10T15:00:00","modified_gmt":"2013-01-10T07:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.homejamesfinance.com\/p\/3282.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5927\u6570\u636e\u70ed\u95e8\u8bcd\u6c47\u9f50\u62a5\u5230"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5927\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5982\u4ecaIT\u884c\u4e1a\u6700\u70ed\u95e8\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u50ac\u751f\u51fa\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u6279\u5168\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u3002\u800c\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u70ed\u95e8\u8bcd\u6c47\uff1a\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u7f29\u7565\u8bcd\u3001\u4e13\u4e1a\u672f\u8bed\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u540d\u79f0\u7b49\u3002\u8fde&quot;\u5927\u6570\u636e&quot;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77ed\u8bed\u672c\u8eab\u90fd\u8ba9\u4eba\u72af\u6655\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u4e00\u542c\u5230&quot;\u5927\u6570\u636e&quot;\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u662f\u6307&quot;\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e&quot;\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\u7edd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u591a\u5be1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f60\u8981\u719f\u6089\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u70ed\u95e8\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>ACID<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>ACID\u7684\u5168\u79f0\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u9694\u79bb\u6027\u548c\u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u9700\u6c42\u6216\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u9075\u5b88\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u867d\u7136ACID\u95ee\u4e16\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u65e5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e8b\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u6025\u5267\u589e\u957f\u628a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6295\u5411\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3ACID\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5927\u6570\u636e\u4e09\u8981\u7d20<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4eca\u7684IT\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u751f\u6210\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u79cd\u7c7b\u90fd\u5f88&quot;\u5e9e\u5927&quot;\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u91cf\uff1aIDC\u516c\u53f8\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u4fe1\u606f\u603b\u91cf\u5c06\u8fbe\u52302.7\u6cfd\u5b57\u8282(\u8fd9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e27\u4ebf\u592a\u5b57\u8282)\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6bcf\u4e24\u5e74\u5c31\u7ffb\u4e00\u756a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901f\u5ea6\uff1a\u8ba9IT\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u4eec\u5934\u75db\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6570\u636e\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u91d1\u878d\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u96f6\u552e\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7f51\u7ad9\u3001\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3001\u65e0\u7ebf\u5c04\u9891\u8bc6\u522b(RFID)\u82af\u7247\u4ee5\u53caFacebook\u548c\u63a8\u7279\u7b49\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\u6e90\u6e90\u800c\u6765\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79cd\u7c7b\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u56de\u52305\u5e74\u524d\u6216\u53ef\u80fd10\u5e74\u524d\uff0cIT\u4eba\u5458\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5b57\u6bcd\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u6574\u9f50\u6392\u5217\u7684\u884c\u548c\u5217\u4e2d\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u63a8\u7279\u548cFacebook\u4e0a\u7684\u5e16\u5b50\u3001\u5404\u79cd\u6587\u6863\u53ca\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u7b49\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u662f\u5927\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5217\u5f0f(\u6216\u5217\u578b)\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u5e93(\u5982\u5f00\u6e90Cassandra\u548c\u60e0\u666e\u7684Vertica\u6570\u636e\u5e93)\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210\u4e86\u6309\u5217\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u4f20\u7edf\u7684SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90a3\u6837\u6309\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u6790\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5217\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c24\u5176\u53d7\u5230\u6b22\u8fce\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5b58\u5728\u81f3\u4eca\u5df2\u6709\u5927\u698225\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u6307\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5cIT\u7cfb\u7edf\u590d\u5236\u5230\u9762\u5411\u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u6790\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u79bb\u7ebf\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6025\u5267\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5728\u8fc5\u901f\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u5927\u96be\u9898\u300210\u5e74\u621620\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u6bcf\u5468\u6216\u6bcf\u6708\u590d\u5236\u5230\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d;\u800c\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u751a\u81f3\u5b9e\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>ETL<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93(\u6bd4\u5982\u652f\u6301\u94f6\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93)\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93(\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf)\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u7528\u5230\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d(ETL)\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f20\u9001\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6025\u5267\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u5927\u5927\u52a0\u5feb\uff0c\u5bf9ETL\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u4e5f\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Flume<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Flume\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8eApache  Hadoop\u5927\u5bb6\u65cf(\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f\u5305\u62ecHBase\u3001Hive\u3001Oozie\u3001Pig\u548cWhirr)\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3aHadoop\u586b\u5145\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8be5\u6280\u672f\u4f7f\u7528\u6563\u5e03\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9001\u5230Hadoop\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684Apache Flume\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u6765\u81ea\u63a8\u7279\u5e16\u5b50\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u63a8\u52a8\u5927\u6570\u636e\u6f6e\u6d41\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u5982\u4eca\u7684IT\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u6210\u548c\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u5e38\u8a00\u9053\uff0c\u4e00\u5e45\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u62b5\u5f97\u4e0a1000\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd;\u6240\u4ee5\u96be\u602a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u3001\u56fe\u8868\u3001\u7167\u7247\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u4e8e\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5982\u4eca\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5448\u7206\u70b8\u5f0f\u589e\u957f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u52a8\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316(\u53c2\u9605\u4e0b\u9762\u7684&#8221;\u53ef\u89c6\u5316&#8221;\u6761\u76ee)\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u7406\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u8986\u76d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hadoop<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hadoop\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u7531Apache\u8f6f\u4ef6\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Hadoop\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u662f\u96c5\u864e\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9053\u683co\u5361\u5ef7(Doug  Cutting)\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u8c37\u6b4c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684MapReduce\u6982\u5ff5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86Hadoop\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ed6\u513f\u5b50\u7684\u73a9\u5177\u8c61\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0cHBase\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3aHadoop\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u53d1\u800c\u6210\u7684\u3002Hadoop\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf(HDFS)\u662fHadoop\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002Hive\u5219\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728Hadoop\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4e8b\u52a1\u6216\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f53IT\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u5229\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5927\u5927\u7f29\u77ed\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea7\u54c1\u5305\u62ecSAP HANA\u548c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587Times  Ten\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Java<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Java\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7531\u73b0\u96b6\u5c5e\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u516c\u53f8\u7684Sun\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4e8e1995\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u3002Hadoop\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bb8\u591a\u5927\u6570\u636e\u6280\u672f\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Java\u5f00\u53d1\u800c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u662f\u5927\u6570\u636e\u9886\u57df\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kafka<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kafka\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u662f\u5728LinkedIn\u5f00\u53d1\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6d41(\u5173\u4e8e\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u6570\u636e)\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf(\u5173\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u6027\u80fd)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Kafka\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6d41\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u5f88\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u800c\u6d41\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5927\u6570\u636e\u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7531\u63a8\u7279\u5f00\u53d1\u7684Storm\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5927\u884c\u5176\u9053\u7684\u6d41\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Apache\u8f6f\u4ef6\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u5df2\u5c06Kafka\u5217\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u522b\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u6307\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u4f20\u9001\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf(\u5982\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f)\u54cd\u5e94\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b0\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\uff0cIT\u7cfb\u7edf\u7aed\u529b\u8ddf\u4e0a\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u4f60\u66f4\u5e38\u542c\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c&#8221;\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf&#8221;\u662f\u597d\u4e8b\uff0c&#8221;\u9ad8\u5ef6\u8fdf&#8221;\u662f\u574f\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6620\u5c04\/\u5316\u7b80<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6620\u5c04\/\u5316\u7b80(Map\/Reduce)\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6307\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u591a\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8c37\u6b4c\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u6620\u5c04\/\u5316\u7b80\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c1\u724c\u540d\u4e3aMapReduce\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8c37\u6b4c\u57282004\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u6620\u5c04\/\u5316\u7b80\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002Hadoop\u4e4b\u7236\u9053\u683co\u5361\u5ef7\u5145\u5206\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u501f\u7528\u6620\u5c04\/\u5316\u7b80\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684Hadoop\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>NoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93(\u5982\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u5fae\u8f6fSQL Server)\u57fa\u4e8e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00(SQL)\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u540d\u4e3a&#8221;NoSQL&#8221;(\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u73b0\u5728\u79f0NoSQL\u8868\u793a&#8221;\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u6709SQL&#8221;)\u7684\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u57fa\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9bNoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u4e3a\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9bNoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6587\u6863\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684NoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5305\u62ec  Hadoop\/HBase\u3001Cassandra\u3001MongoDB\u548cCouchDB\uff0c\u800c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7b49\u4e00\u4e9b\u77e5\u540d\u5f00\u53d1\u5546\u5df2\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u5404\u81ea\u7684NoSQL\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Oozie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Apache  Oozie\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u9762\u5411Hadoop\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Oozie\uff0c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00(\u5982Pig\u548cMapReduce)  \u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f7c\u6b64\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8be2\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pig<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pig\u662fApache\u8f6f\u4ef6\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u5c31\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u800c\u8a00\uff0cPig\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u5728Hadoop\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5b9a\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9a\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u662f\u6307\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6216\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u91d1\u878d\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u751a\u81f3\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5982\u4eca\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6025\u5267\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5b9a\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5df2\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u516c\u53f8\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u6027\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u516c\u53f8\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6d1e\u5bdf\u5e02\u573a\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u6709\u671b\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u9762\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u6790\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u4e25\u91cd\u532e\u4e4f\u3002\u77e5\u540d\u54a8\u8be2\u516c\u53f8\u9ea6\u80af\u9521\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5149\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c31\u9700\u8981150\u4e07\u540d\u62e5\u6709\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5458\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf(RDBM)\u662f\u5982\u4eca\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5305\u62ecIBM\u7684DB2\u3001\u5fae\u8f6f\u7684SQL  Server\u548c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u4ece\u94f6\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u96f6\u552e\u5e97\u7684\u9500\u552e\u70b9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5230\u5e93\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5728RDBM\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u5982\u4eca\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u548c\u79cd\u7c7b\u90fd\u5448\u7206\u70b8\u5f0f\u589e\u957f\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0cRDBM\u5f53\u521d\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u6bcd\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u6837\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5206\u7247<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u8d77\u6765\u4e5f\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u5206\u7247(sharding)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5206\u533a\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5206\u6210\u4e86\u66f4\u5c0f\u3001\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u88ab\u6a2a\u5411\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5355\u72ec\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5206\u7247\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba9\u5e9e\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u591a\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0cSqoop\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u975eHadoop\u6765\u6e90(\u5982\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93)\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230Hadoop\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u6570\u636e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u63a8\u7279\u548cFacebook\u7b49\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u7f51\u7ad9\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u65b0\u95fb\u6e90\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u516c\u53f8\u5185\u90e8\u6536\u96c6\u800c\u6765\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6570\u91cf\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u662f\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e(\u4e0d\u50cf\u901a\u5e38\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e)\uff0c\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u9762\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u65f6\u5e38\u5e38\u675f\u624b\u65e0\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65b9\u6cd5(\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u6cd5\u7b49)\uff0c\u4ece\u57fa\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u5728\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u8fd8\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b57\u6bcd\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u606f(\u5982\u6765\u81ea\u9500\u552e\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u6570\u636e)\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u5546\u4e1a\u667a\u80fd\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u4eca\u5171\u8ba12.7\u6cfd\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3001\u63a8\u7279\u6d88\u606f\u3001\u53d1\u5e03\u5728Flickr\u4e0a\u7684\u7167\u7247\u3001\u53d1\u5e03\u5728 YouTube\u4e0a\u7684\u89c6\u9891\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002(\u9887\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u6709\u957f\u8fbe35\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230YouTube\u3002)\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51cc\u4e71\u7684\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e \u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u5982\u4eca\u7684IT\u7cfb\u7edf\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53ef\u89c6\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u548c\u56fe\u5f62\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u56f0\u96be\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u6d77\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6807\u4ee5\u8272\u7801\u7684\u70ed\u56fe\uff0c\u4e09\u7ef4\u56fe\u5f62\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u52a8\u753b\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u5730\u7406\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u8986\u76d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u5448\u73b0\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u653e\u5927\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Whirr<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Apache  Whirr\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4Java\u7c7b\u5e93\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u5927\u6570\u636e\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u66f4\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u5728\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u5f39\u6027\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e91(EC2)\u548cRackspace\u7b49\u865a\u62df\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e0a\u5f00\u53d1Hadoop\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>XML<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6807\u8bb0\u8bed\u8a00(XML)\u7528\u6765\u4f20\u8f93\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e(\u522b\u4e0eHTML\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u7528\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e)\u3002\u501f\u52a9XML\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u901a\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5171\u4eab\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8eXML\u6587\u6863\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5e9e\u5927\u3001\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5bfc\u81f4IT\u90e8\u95e8\u9762\u4e34\u5927\u6570\u636e\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5c27\u5b57\u8282<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5c27\u5b57\u8282(yottabyte)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e1000\u6cfd\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u636e\u77e5\u540d\u8c03\u7814\u673a\u6784IDC\u516c\u53f8\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u603b\u91cf\u9884\u8ba1\u5c06\u8fbe\u5230 2.7\u6cfd\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u6bd42011\u5e74\u589e\u957f48%\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u79bb\u8fbe\u5230\u5c27\u5b57\u8282\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u5173\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u8def\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ece\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u6570\u636e\u7684\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u5230\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8c61\u7684 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